Process of treating cotton-seed.



tra nee.

he as a rip.

. V ALBERT B. CARR, 0F ATLANTA, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR'TO THE PROCTER AND GAMBLE COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORFDBATION OF OHIO.

PROCESS OF TREATING COTTODI-SEED;

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT B. CARR, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Atlanta, county of Fulton, State of Georgia, have invented a new and useful Imgrorement in Processes of Treating Cottoneed, of-which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the process of treating cottonseed, and, more particularly 'to the treatment of cottonseed for storage.

moved, the oil pressed from the kernels, and

the meat or remaining portion of the kernel ground into meal or flour or shipped elsewhere and there ground up. The oil in different forms is used very extensively as a food, and the flour or meal though largely used for feeding cattle, etc., is also used for cooking. When the raw seed is stored in bulk, it heats and decomposes, due, I be lieve, to fermentation of the raw albuminous matter; and because of this heating the seed .which is purchased by the cottonseed mills and stored in great quantities, has to be carefully watched and when it shows a tendency to heat, it has to be either stirred or used at once. On account of this trouble, the mill people, who would prefer to purchase when the seed is good and plentiful and manufacture when the market is suitable, cannot hold on his hands.

the seed in storage for any length of time without danger of loss from heat and decomposition, and are therefore forced to market the seed at undesirable times, thus considerably reducing the profitof the mills.. The same trouble is experienced .by the farmer who has to sell his cottonseed as fast as his cotton is ginned, sometimes at a great sacrifice, or run the risk of i The principal object of my invention is to preserve the cottonseed for storage'purposes without oxidizing thekernel or rendering it Specification of Letters Patent.

.ed about 160.

the seed spoiling Patented June 1, I915.

Application'filed July 24, 1913. Serial No. 780,921.

subject to dirt and insects, and preferably I without materially impairingits germinating qualities.

Another object of the invention is to facilitate the subsequent milling of the cottonseed for the extraction of oil. My invention in its broader aspects consists in partially coagulating the albuminous matter of the kernel while protecting the kernel from oxidization.

More specifically. the invention consists in heating the unhulled cottonseed to a temperature sufficient to partly cook or change the form of this albuminous matter to preserve it, and then cooling the unhulled seed to a temperature at which it may be safely stored in bulk, and if it-is desired to manufacture oil from the see'd, in hulling the seed in this cooled partly cooked state.

The invention not only permits of the seed being stored in bulk without heating, but it facilitates the millingof the seed in the manufacture of oil.

My invention may be carried out in various Ways. The seed may be heated by passing heated air through it, or by conveying it through a heated chamber or putting it in a hot water or steam-jacketed receptacle and agitating it.- The heated chamber or receptacle may be partially exhausted to produce a partial vacuum. The seed should be heat ed to a temperaturesufficient to coagulate or partly cook the albuminous matter, and. in the preferred form of the invention, I-

keep the temperature down to a point such as will not impair the germinating property of the seed. To obtain the best results the seed should be heated to a temperature of from 130 to 180, and I prefer to heat the seed to between 130 and 160 if it is desired to retain the germinating quality of the seed, since there is danger of over-heating the seed for this purpose if the seed is heat- The seed may be cooled'in' any suitable manner, such as by stirring it in cooled rooms, spreading it in a cool atmosphere, or conveying it through cooled passages. In cooling the seed the temperature of theseed should not be carried below 32, for it may damage the seed for some purposes, and I prefer not to carry the temperature of the seed in cooling below 40. The .seed should be cooled to a temperature will cause .the seed to act somewhat like a fireless cooker, the hull retaining the heat of the kernel. When the cottonseed is treated in this manner it may be stored in bulk and kept for long periods without decomposing or heating. The seed thus treatedis fiot'oxidized as it wouldbe if heated. after it has lieenhulled. This oxidi zation is very detrimental, since it reduces the amount of.

oil that can be pressed from the, kernel. Not

kernel would dry out and discolor to a greater extent when stored. Byretaining the kernel in the hull it is kept .cleanand purefrom contamination by dirt and insects -during long intervals of storage and while it is being handled and conveyed tofthe mills" for extractingthe oil. Another advantage of retaining the hull is that the germinating quality of the 2 seed is not impaired when thus treated Seed which has been planted after being thus treated, has successfully germinated, producing a good-stand, show: ing' that the, germinating property of the seed has apparently not been impaired. This is of importance, since it frequently happens that. planters, for one reason or another, repurchase from the mills for planting a portion of the seed that theypreviously disposed of to the mills, andif the seed had been hulled or stored without being treated and had become decomposed, it would be unfit for planting purposes.-

My process may be used by farmers as well as by theomills for treating cottonseed for storage until the planting season. 7

In the manufacture of cottonseed, oil the raw unhulled 'seed is hulled, the kernel crushed and then cooked,- and while'hot, the oil is pressed out. By treating the unhulled seed according .to my invention, the seed is more easily hulled, since the kernel has, by slight shrinkage'as a result of the process, been loosened from the hull and the hull rendered more brittle. The time required in cooking the raw kernel for the purpose of pressing the oil out, is also reduced, since the seed has already been partially cooked by my process of treatment, and it is only necessary to heat it'sufliciently to cause the oil to be expressed, and finally a purer and better grade of oil and other food products is obtained. v i

What I claim as new and desire to. secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The method of treating cottonseed to preserve it for storage in bulk, which consists impartially coagulating the albumionlyth-is, but if the hulls'were removed the nous substances of the kernel with the atmosphere excluded therefrom to prevent oxidization, and then cooling.

2. The method of treating cottonseed to 5 preserve it for storage in bulk, which consists in heating the kernels to a temperature sufiicient to partially cook or coagulate the albuminous matter with the kernels individually protected from the atmosphere, and

then cooling them While still thus protected, to a temperature such aswill not continue to cook orv heat them when subsequently stored in bulk.

3. The method of treating cottonseed to Y preserve it for storage in bulk, which consists in heating the kernels 'to a temperature of 130 to 180 to partially cook the kernels ,with the kernels protected individually-from the atmosphere, and then cooling them while still thus protected, to a temperature of 80 to 40.

4. The method of treating cottonseed to preserve it for storage in b for subsequent manufacture of food products or for, planting,which consists in heating the kernels to a temperature suificient to'partly cook them without destroying their germ1- nating quality with the kernels protected individually from the atmosphere, and then cooling them while still thus protected, to a temperature such as will not continue to. cook or heat them when subsequently stored in bulk and which will not destroy their germinating quality.

5. The method of treating cottonseed to. facilitate the manufacture and enhance the value of food products therefrom, which consists in heating the kernels while retain in% them in their hulls, to a temperature 1 0 cient to partially cook them, and then cooling them in their unhulled condition to a temperature not sufficient to continue to v cook or heat them when subsequently stored inbulk. 1 e

6. The method of treating cottonseed preliminary to the manufacture offood products therefrom, which consists in heating the. kernels while retaining them in their hulls, to a temperature sufiicient to par- 11 0 'tially cook them, then cooling. them, and

then hulling them at the time of manufacture, whereby the hulling process .and the subsequent extraction ofthe oil is facilitated and the resulting food roduct im roved. In testimony whereo I have'slgued my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. p

, ALBERT B. CA R. witrisessppzm. a s

I .M E 

